:root {
  --ivory: #f7f4ed;
  --ivory-deep: #ece7dc;
  --paper: #fcfaf6;
  --ink: #171717;
  --muted: #746f67;
  --line: #d5cec2;
  --burgundy: #7d2634;
  --burgundy-dark: #5d1723;
  --sage: #77816f;
  --ochre: #a37336;
  --blue: #536a79;
  --serif: "Iowan Old Style", "Baskerville", "Times New Roman", Georgia, serif;
  --sans: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;
  --mono: "SFMono-Regular", Consolas, "Liberation Mono", monospace;
  --gutter: clamp(1.25rem, 4vw, 4.75rem);
  --content: min(1320px, calc(100% - (var(--gutter) * 2)));
  --ease-out: cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1);
}

* { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; }
body { margin: 0; color: var(--ink); background: var(--ivory); font-family: var(--sans); -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; }
body.menu-open { overflow: hidden; }
button, input, textarea { font: inherit; }
a { color: inherit; }
button { cursor: pointer; }
::selection { color: var(--paper); background: var(--burgundy); }

.skip-link { position: fixed; z-index: 50; top: 1rem; left: 1rem; padding: .65rem .9rem; color: var(--paper); background: var(--ink); text-decoration: none; transform: translateY(-200%); transition: transform 160ms var(--ease-out); }
.skip-link:focus { transform: translateY(0); }

.site-header { position: sticky; z-index: 20; top: 0; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr auto 1fr; align-items: center; min-height: 4.9rem; padding: 0 var(--gutter); border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; background: rgba(247, 244, 237, .86); backdrop-filter: blur(12px); transition: border-color 180ms var(--ease-out), background 180ms var(--ease-out); }
.site-header.is-scrolled { border-color: var(--line); background: rgba(247, 244, 237, .97); }
.site-mark { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: .55rem; width: max-content; color: var(--ink); text-decoration: none; }
.mark-symbol { display: grid; width: 1.52rem; height: 1.52rem; color: var(--paper); border-radius: 50%; background: var(--burgundy); place-items: center; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.05rem; font-style: italic; }
.mark-text { font-size: .75rem; font-weight: 800; letter-spacing: .12em; }
.desktop-nav { display: flex; gap: clamp(1rem, 2.5vw, 2.2rem); }
.desktop-nav a, .mobile-nav a { position: relative; color: #43413d; font-size: .67rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .095em; text-decoration: none; text-transform: uppercase; }
.desktop-nav a::after, .footer-links a::after { position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: -.4rem; left: 0; height: 1px; background: currentColor; content: ""; transform: scaleX(0); transform-origin: right; transition: transform 180ms var(--ease-out); }
.desktop-nav a:hover::after, .desktop-nav a:focus-visible::after, .footer-links a:hover::after, .footer-links a:focus-visible::after { transform: scaleX(1); transform-origin: left; }
.menu-toggle, .mobile-nav { display: none; }

.section-shell { width: var(--content); margin: 0 auto; }
.eyebrow { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .62rem; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: .1em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.topic-labels { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .42rem; }
.topic { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; min-height: 1.5rem; padding: 0 .54rem; color: var(--burgundy); border: 1px solid color-mix(in srgb, var(--burgundy) 40%, transparent); border-radius: 999px; font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .58rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .035em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.topic[data-topic="Philosophy"] { color: var(--sage); border-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--sage) 52%, transparent); }
.topic[data-topic="History"] { color: var(--ochre); border-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ochre) 52%, transparent); }
.topic[data-topic="Ethics"] { color: var(--blue); border-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--blue) 52%, transparent); }
.topic[data-topic="Economics"] { color: #9e5a3d; border-color: color-mix(in srgb, #9e5a3d 52%, transparent); }

.hero { position: relative; overflow: hidden; min-height: 565px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.hero::after { position: absolute; top: -9rem; right: -6rem; width: min(55vw, 690px); aspect-ratio: 1; border: 1px solid rgba(125, 38, 52, .12); border-radius: 50%; content: ""; pointer-events: none; }
.hero-inner { position: relative; z-index: 1; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.2fr .8fr; align-items: end; gap: clamp(2rem, 9vw, 10rem); width: var(--content); min-height: 565px; margin: 0 auto; padding: clamp(5rem, 10vw, 8.3rem) 0 clamp(4rem, 7vw, 5.7rem); }
.hero-title { max-width: 790px; margin: 1.15rem 0 1.55rem; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(4.2rem, 10.3vw, 9.6rem); font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -.075em; line-height: .79; }
.hero-title span { display: block; color: var(--burgundy); font-style: italic; }
.hero-copy { max-width: 33rem; margin: 0; color: #494743; font-size: clamp(.98rem, 1.3vw, 1.12rem); line-height: 1.66; }
.hero-rule { width: 4.5rem; height: 2px; margin-top: 2.1rem; background: var(--burgundy); }
.hero-side { align-self: center; max-width: 18rem; padding: 1.15rem 0 0 1.15rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.hero-side p { margin: .75rem 0 0; color: #494743; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.32rem; line-height: 1.22; }

.question-band { color: var(--paper); background: var(--burgundy); }
.question-band-inner { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 2rem; width: var(--content); min-height: 9.4rem; margin: 0 auto; padding: 1.75rem 0; }
.question-band h2 { max-width: 900px; margin: .55rem 0 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(1.7rem, 3.2vw, 3.25rem); font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -.045em; line-height: 1.05; }
.question-band .eyebrow { color: #ead9d4; }
.question-read-link { flex: 0 0 auto; padding: .7rem .9rem; color: var(--paper); border: 1px solid rgba(252, 250, 246, .58); font-size: .63rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .08em; text-decoration: none; text-transform: uppercase; transition: color 160ms var(--ease-out), background 160ms var(--ease-out); }
.question-read-link:hover { color: var(--burgundy); background: var(--paper); }

.featured { padding: clamp(5rem, 9vw, 9rem) 0; }
.section-heading { display: flex; align-items: end; justify-content: space-between; gap: 2rem; margin-bottom: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 4rem); }
.section-heading h2 { margin: .68rem 0 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(2.7rem, 5.2vw, 5rem); font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -.065em; line-height: .95; }
.section-heading p { max-width: 21rem; margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: .78rem; line-height: 1.55; }
.featured-card { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(250px, .74fr) minmax(0, 1.26fr); min-height: 465px; overflow: hidden; background: var(--paper); border: 1px solid var(--line); }
.featured-art { position: relative; display: grid; min-height: 100%; overflow: hidden; background: #d8d4c8; place-items: end center; }
.featured-art::after { position: absolute; inset: 0; background: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(23,23,23,.01), rgba(23,23,23,.28)); content: ""; }
.featured-art img { z-index: 1; width: min(84%, 370px); max-height: 440px; object-fit: contain; object-position: bottom; filter: grayscale(1) contrast(1.02); mix-blend-mode: multiply; }
.image-credit { position: absolute; z-index: 2; right: .85rem; bottom: .75rem; left: .85rem; margin: 0; color: rgba(252,250,246,.85); font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .48rem; letter-spacing: .045em; line-height: 1.35; text-transform: uppercase; }
.featured-copy { display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: space-between; padding: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 4.5rem); }
.featured-kicker { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 1rem; }
.featured-number { color: var(--burgundy); font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .66rem; }
.featured-title { max-width: 815px; margin: 1.35rem 0 1.25rem; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(2.2rem, 4.4vw, 4.6rem); font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -.065em; line-height: .94; }
.featured-dek { max-width: 42rem; margin: 0; color: #514e49; font-size: clamp(.96rem, 1.2vw, 1.08rem); line-height: 1.64; }
.featured-bottom { display: flex; align-items: end; justify-content: space-between; gap: 1rem; margin-top: 2.8rem; }
.meta { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .6rem; letter-spacing: .04em; line-height: 1.55; text-transform: uppercase; }
.read-link { position: relative; display: inline-flex; gap: .75rem; align-items: center; padding-bottom: .35rem; color: var(--ink); font-size: .67rem; font-weight: 800; letter-spacing: .09em; text-decoration: none; text-transform: uppercase; }
.read-link::after { position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; height: 1px; background: var(--burgundy); content: ""; transform-origin: left; transition: transform 180ms var(--ease-out); }
.read-link:hover::after { transform: scaleX(.55); }

.latest { padding: clamp(4.8rem, 8vw, 8rem) 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.article-list { border-top: 1px solid var(--ink); }
.article-row { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 3.6rem minmax(0, 1.35fr) minmax(9rem, .6fr) minmax(4.5rem, .25fr); gap: 1.2rem; align-items: center; padding: clamp(1.4rem, 3.5vw, 2.45rem) 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); text-decoration: none; transition: padding .2s var(--ease-out), color .2s var(--ease-out); }
.article-row:hover { padding-right: .65rem; padding-left: .65rem; color: var(--burgundy); }
.article-index { color: var(--burgundy); font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .72rem; }
.article-row h3 { margin: .48rem 0 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(1.55rem, 2.55vw, 2.7rem); font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -.045em; line-height: .98; }
.article-row .topic-labels { justify-content: flex-start; }
.article-row .meta { text-align: right; }

.topics { padding: clamp(5rem, 9vw, 9rem) 0; color: var(--paper); background: var(--ink); }
.topics .eyebrow { color: #9e9a91; }
.topics .section-heading h2 { color: var(--paper); }
.topics .section-heading p { color: #beb9af; }
.topic-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); border-top: 1px solid #57544f; border-left: 1px solid #57544f; }
.topic-card { position: relative; min-height: 210px; padding: clamp(1.35rem, 2.5vw, 2.2rem); overflow: hidden; color: var(--paper); border-right: 1px solid #57544f; border-bottom: 1px solid #57544f; text-decoration: none; transition: background .2s var(--ease-out); }
.topic-card:hover { background: #292924; }
.topic-card::before { position: absolute; right: -1.5rem; bottom: -3.8rem; color: rgba(247,244,237,.035); content: attr(data-symbol); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 12rem; font-style: italic; line-height: 1; }
.topic-card .topic { color: #f0d9dc; border-color: #9d626d; }
.topic-card[data-topic="Philosophy"] .topic { color: #bdc8b4; border-color: #77816f; }
.topic-card[data-topic="History"] .topic { color: #e4c89f; border-color: #a37336; }
.topic-card[data-topic="Ethics"] .topic { color: #bfcbd2; border-color: #536a79; }
.topic-card h3 { position: relative; max-width: 13rem; margin: 1.25rem 0 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(1.9rem, 3.2vw, 3rem); font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -.055em; line-height: .95; }
.topic-card p { position: relative; max-width: 17rem; margin: 1rem 0 0; color: #beb9af; font-size: .76rem; line-height: 1.5; }

.about { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, .78fr) minmax(0, 1.22fr); gap: clamp(2rem, 9vw, 9rem); padding: clamp(5rem, 9vw, 9rem) 0; }
.about-heading { display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: space-between; min-height: 19rem; }
.about h2 { max-width: 26rem; margin: .75rem 0 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(3rem, 5.6vw, 5.5rem); font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -.07em; line-height: .88; }
.about h2 em { color: var(--burgundy); font-style: italic; }
.about-note { max-width: 17rem; margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .62rem; line-height: 1.6; text-transform: uppercase; }
.about-copy { max-width: 42rem; padding-top: 3.55rem; }
.about-copy p { margin: 0 0 1.25rem; color: #3f3d39; font-size: clamp(1rem, 1.35vw, 1.16rem); line-height: 1.74; }
.about-rule { width: 3rem; height: 1px; margin: 2rem 0; background: var(--burgundy); }

.conversation { padding: clamp(4rem, 7vw, 7rem) 0; background: var(--ivory-deep); }
.conversation-inner { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr auto; gap: 3rem; align-items: end; }
.conversation h2 { max-width: 850px; margin: .8rem 0 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(2.8rem, 5.2vw, 5.4rem); font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -.07em; line-height: .88; }
.conversation p:not(.eyebrow) { max-width: 35rem; margin: 1.5rem 0 0; color: #514e49; font-size: .94rem; line-height: 1.65; }
.conversation-button { display: grid; flex: 0 0 auto; width: 8.3rem; height: 8.3rem; color: var(--paper); border: 0; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--burgundy); place-items: center; font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .65rem; letter-spacing: .08em; line-height: 1.35; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase; transition: background 160ms var(--ease-out), transform 160ms var(--ease-out); }
.conversation-button:hover { background: var(--burgundy-dark); transform: scale(.96); }

.site-footer { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr; gap: 1.5rem; padding: 2.4rem var(--gutter) 1.55rem; color: #d7d2c8; background: #1d1d1c; }
.site-footer p { margin: 0; }
.footer-name { color: var(--paper); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.35rem; letter-spacing: -.045em; }
.footer-brand > p:last-child, .footer-note { max-width: 17rem; margin-top: .5rem; color: #9e9a91; font-size: .7rem; line-height: 1.5; }
.footer-links { display: flex; justify-content: flex-end; gap: 1.1rem; }
.footer-links a { position: relative; width: max-content; color: var(--paper); font-size: .65rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .06em; text-decoration: none; text-transform: uppercase; }
.footer-meta { grid-column: 1 / -1; padding-top: 1.2rem; color: #77746d; border-top: 1px solid #45433f; font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .54rem; letter-spacing: .05em; text-transform: uppercase; }

.article-view { max-width: 950px; margin: 0 auto; padding: clamp(4rem, 8vw, 8rem) var(--gutter) clamp(5rem, 10vw, 10rem); }
.article-view-header { max-width: 850px; }
.back-link { display: inline-flex; gap: .5rem; align-items: center; margin-bottom: clamp(2.5rem, 4vw, 4rem); color: var(--burgundy); font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .62rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .07em; text-decoration: none; text-transform: uppercase; }
.article-question { max-width: 730px; margin: 1.4rem 0 1.3rem; color: var(--burgundy); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(1.4rem, 2.6vw, 2.5rem); font-style: italic; letter-spacing: -.045em; line-height: 1.08; }
.article-view h1 { max-width: 950px; margin: 0 0 1.35rem; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(3.4rem, 7vw, 7.2rem); font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -.075em; line-height: .85; }
.article-dek { max-width: 720px; margin: 0; color: #4d4a46; font-size: clamp(1rem, 1.55vw, 1.22rem); line-height: 1.65; }
.article-view .meta { margin-top: 1.6rem; }
.article-hero-image { position: relative; width: 100%; min-height: 350px; margin: clamp(2.7rem, 6vw, 5rem) 0; overflow: hidden; background: var(--ivory-deep); }
.article-hero-image img { display: block; width: 100%; height: min(60vw, 600px); object-fit: cover; filter: saturate(.72) contrast(1.02); }
.article-hero-image--bust { display: grid; place-items: end center; background: #ded8cb; }
.article-hero-image--bust img { width: min(360px, 73%); height: min(60vw, 600px); object-fit: contain; object-position: bottom; filter: grayscale(1) contrast(1.03); mix-blend-mode: multiply; }
.article-image-credit { position: absolute; right: .7rem; bottom: .6rem; left: .7rem; margin: 0; color: var(--paper); font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .48rem; letter-spacing: .04em; text-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,.7); text-transform: uppercase; }
.article-body { max-width: 720px; margin: 0 auto; }
.article-body p { margin: 0 0 1.45rem; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(1.12rem, 1.7vw, 1.35rem); letter-spacing: -.01em; line-height: 1.68; }
.article-body p:nth-of-type(3n) { position: relative; margin: 2.5rem 0; padding: 1.3rem 0 1.3rem 1.4rem; color: var(--burgundy); border-left: 2px solid var(--burgundy); font-size: clamp(1.28rem, 2vw, 1.65rem); font-style: italic; line-height: 1.42; }
.article-end { max-width: 720px; margin: 4rem auto 0; padding: 1.5rem 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.article-end p { margin: .65rem 0 0; color: #484540; font-size: .9rem; line-height: 1.6; }
.next-reads { max-width: 950px; margin: 5rem auto 0; }
.next-reads h2 { margin: .5rem 0 1.5rem; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(2rem, 3.3vw, 3.2rem); font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -.06em; }
.next-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); gap: 1px; background: var(--line); border: 1px solid var(--line); }
.next-card { min-height: 12rem; padding: 1.5rem; background: var(--paper); text-decoration: none; transition: background 160ms var(--ease-out); }
.next-card:hover { background: #eee8de; }
.next-card h3 { margin: .85rem 0 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(1.35rem, 2.3vw, 2rem); font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -.05em; line-height: 1; }

.conversation-dialog { width: min(92vw, 560px); padding: clamp(1.7rem, 4vw, 3rem); color: var(--ink); border: 0; background: var(--paper); box-shadow: 0 1.4rem 4rem rgba(20,20,20,.28); }
.conversation-dialog::backdrop { background: rgba(23,23,23,.55); backdrop-filter: blur(2px); }
.conversation-dialog h2 { margin: .7rem 1.5rem 1rem 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3.2rem); font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -.06em; line-height: .94; }
.conversation-dialog p:not(.eyebrow) { max-width: 30rem; margin: 0; color: #504d48; font-size: .92rem; line-height: 1.6; }
.dialog-close { position: absolute; top: .75rem; right: .85rem; width: 2rem; height: 2rem; padding: 0; color: var(--ink); border: 0; background: transparent; font-size: 1.8rem; line-height: 1; }
.dialog-confirm { margin-top: 1.6rem; padding: .75rem 1rem; color: var(--paper); border: 0; background: var(--burgundy); font-size: .67rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; }

@media (max-width: 850px) {
  .site-header { grid-template-columns: 1fr auto; min-height: 4.3rem; }
  .desktop-nav { display: none; }
  .menu-toggle { display: inline-flex; gap: .55rem; align-items: center; padding: 0; color: var(--ink); border: 0; background: none; font-family: var(--mono); font-size: .61rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; }
  .menu-toggle i, .menu-toggle i::before { display: block; width: 1rem; height: 1px; background: currentColor; content: ""; transition: transform 160ms var(--ease-out); }
  .menu-toggle i::before { transform: translateY(-4px); }
  .menu-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] i { transform: rotate(45deg); }
  .menu-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] i::before { transform: translateY(0) rotate(-90deg); }
  .mobile-nav { position: absolute; top: 100%; right: var(--gutter); left: var(--gutter); display: grid; gap: 1.15rem; padding: 1.5rem; visibility: hidden; opacity: 0; background: var(--ink); color: var(--paper); transform: translateY(-.6rem); transition: visibility 160ms, opacity 160ms var(--ease-out), transform 160ms var(--ease-out); }
  .mobile-nav.is-open { visibility: visible; opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
  .mobile-nav a { color: var(--paper); }
  .hero { min-height: auto; }
  .hero-inner { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 3rem; min-height: auto; }
  .hero-side { max-width: 24rem; }
  .question-band-inner { align-items: end; min-height: 0; }
  .featured-card { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .featured-art { min-height: 330px; }
  .featured-art img { max-height: 325px; }
  .article-row { grid-template-columns: 2.6rem 1fr auto; gap: .65rem; }
  .article-row .topic-labels { grid-column: 2 / -1; }
  .article-row .meta { grid-column: 3; grid-row: 1; }
  .topic-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
  .about { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 1.5rem; }
  .about-heading { min-height: 0; }
  .about-note { margin-top: 2.3rem; }
  .about-copy { padding-top: 0; }
  .site-footer { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .footer-note { grid-column: 1 / -1; }
  .footer-links { justify-content: flex-start; }
}

@media (max-width: 540px) {
  .hero-title { font-size: clamp(4rem, 20vw, 5.7rem); }
  .question-band-inner { gap: 1rem; }
  .featured-copy { padding: 1.5rem; }
  .featured-bottom { align-items: start; flex-direction: column; }
  .article-row { grid-template-columns: 2.1rem 1fr; }
  .article-row .meta { grid-column: 2; grid-row: auto; text-align: left; }
  .topic-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .conversation-inner { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 2rem; }
  .conversation-button { width: 6.4rem; height: 6.4rem; }
  .site-footer { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .footer-links { grid-row: 2; }
  .article-view { padding-right: 1.25rem; padding-left: 1.25rem; }
  .article-body p { font-size: 1.12rem; }
  .next-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
  *, *::before, *::after { transition-duration: .01ms !important; animation-duration: .01ms !important; }
}